Ddr5 bandwidth calculation. DDR5 is the successor to DDR4 RAM.

Remember that a calculator makes bandwidth calculation easy, but as the HDMI specification changes, this calculator is continuously being developed and may not display accurate results. And with a bandwidth-optimized version that cuts the memory module count by a factor of four and delivers somewhere between 128 GB and 512 GB of DDR4 capacity per socket, IBM could push the memory bandwidth on the Power9’ chip to 650 GB/sec and with the This tool calculates the latency associated with Random Access Memory (RAM). We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. DDR5 memory operates at a lower voltage – sub-1. 009% slower than 2000, while being faster than RAM Latency Calculator. Jan 23, 2023 · The bandwidth of different types of RAM fluctuates. 2. Increased bandwidth: DDR5 delivers a 50%+ increase in bandwidth over DDR4 (3. Dec 12, 2008 · This scheme is applied to GDDR5 product manufactured in 66 nm CMOS process technology and its bandwidth is measured to be greater than 4. With DDR5, each DIMM supports two independent 32-bit channels, in contrast to DDR4’s single 64-bit channel per DIMM, which leads to improvements in channel efficiency and overall memory bandwidth. All the features play a different part in the computer. Is there a way to calculate the theoretically maximal CPU-RAM bandwidth instead (considering that typical setups are multi-DIMM and multi-core, and sometimes multi-socket)? Nov 8, 2022 · DRAM Bandwidth. 8 GB/s per channel for DDR4-1600, 25. Best DDR5: 10ns Worst DDR5: 16. Welcome to the largest unofficial community for Microsoft Windows, the world's most popular desktop computer operating system! This is not a tech support subreddit, use r/WindowsHelp or r/TechSupport to get help with your PC May 4, 2022 · Not just one notch either, but two notches—G. 1. Jan 27, 2022 · Here are a few significant advantages that DDR5 RAM has over previous generations: Increased memory capacity: DDR4 has 2 GB to 16 GB of memory capacity per RAM chip, whereas DDR5 has 8 GB to 64 GB of memory capacity. Bandwidth Calculator. Jul 15, 2014 · What it does do is enable the DRAM to make more efficient use of that bandwidth by pipelining memory commands between banks and ranks: while one memory bank is in the process of execuring a 8n read or write burst on one memory bank, the command lines can be used to setup the next memory access on a different bank to reduce dead time on the data Apr 27, 2022 · Megatransfer is a bandwidth-agnostic term usually used for the rate of signal on I/O buses – making it the perfect unit to measure memory ‘speed. 2 Gb/s, and cancel the units out: (3. Bandwidth is the result of a simple equation: the number of bits times the data rate per bit. 537. Learn to overclock, ask experienced users your questions, boast your rock-stable, sky-high OC and help others! Memory bandwidth can be best explained by the formula used to calculate it: Memory bus width / 8 * memory clock * 2 * 2 Breaking this formula down, here's what each component means: comes with 16 banks and therefore keeps the bandwidth utilization up also at higher data rates. But jump down to the last line, an FPGA card with only two DDR5 DIMMs gives over double the bandwidth: 44. CAS latency doesn't actually factor into the bandwidth calculation, but just to show you 2 kits with identical latency (10ns): A DDR4 kit with 3600 / cl18 has a bandwidth of ~46GB/s A DDR5 kit with 6000 / cl30 has a bandwidth of ~77GB/s DDR5 brings better channel efficiency, improved power management, and optimized performance - enabling next-generation multi-core computing systems. DDR4 usually has a CAS latency of 16, while DDR5 will have a CAS latency of at least 32. 1 bandwidth, please see Data Rate Chart & FRL Data Rate Chart Jul 29, 2021 · LPDDR5 features data rates of up to 6400 MT/s, so LPDDR5X provides a robust 33% performance improvement with its 8533 MT/s data date. All things overclocking go here. 88 MB/s bandwidth, or 94 GB/s. Meanwhile, DDR5 modules will be generally slightly more complex than DDR4 modules because of onboard VRM, PMIC, and temperature sensors. And then there is the issue with Zen4 CPU's with one CCD, that limits their bandwidth to 64GB/s. Enter this value in the calculator on this page to find the bandwidth or throughput is 25. DDR5 offers nearly double the effective bandwidth when compared to its predecessor DDR4, helping relieve this bandwidth per core obstacle. LPDDR4 makes up for this by adopting a wider prefetch of 16n … Dec 6, 2021 · As with previous generations of DDR memory; DDR5 is not backward-compatible into DDR4 systems. One of the most significant differences between DDR4 and DDR5 is the data transfer rates. Figure 1. Lower is not always slower. DDR4. By observing, you can simply see the increase in the performance of RAM generations in past years. We saw just above 50 GB/s of read bandwidth using a 5950X equipped with DDR4-3600, or just above 88% of theoretical DRAM bandwidth. So let’s start with the calculation for the 2GB GDDR3 card. The While DDR5 RAM is newer with better storage density and power efficiency than DDR4, it tends to have higher CAS latency. com. 1800Mhz was only 0. DDR4 has reached maximum data rates and cannot continue to scale memory bandwidth. We know that there will be higher JEDEC ratings to be released as DDR5 matures. Apr 20, 2023 · For example, for bandwidth, Zen4 can achieve higher values than Zen3, because of DDR5. 2 Gbps: 4. 6GB/s of bandwidth matches the Nvidia Titan Xp from 2017 and beats an RTX 2080 Super from 2019. Dual-channel DIMMs: Similar to its mobile counterpart, DDR5 will feature two 32-bit memory channels per DIMM (versus a single 64-bit on DDR4). DDR5 promises better speeds, better power management and efficiency, and more RAM packed into a single stick. 8 GB/s! Maximum DRAM bandwidth of up to 6400 Mb/s (50% more compared to LPDDR4X) to enable full 5G support; 20% more power efficient compared to LPDDR4X for increased battery life; Supporting max densities of 12GB; User benefits. DDR5 delivers up to 2x system bandwidth than DDR4 but has virtually the same system latency as DDR4. It began in 2017 by the industry standards body JEDEC (Joint Electron Device Engineering Council) with input from the leading global memory semiconductor and chipset architecture vendors, including Kingston, DDR5 is designed with new features for higher performance, lower Oct 12, 2021 · That’s where high-bandwidth memory (HBM) interfaces come into play. It is a type of GDDR SDRAM (graphics DDR SDRAM). Apr 3, 2020 · DDR5's increased bandwidth comes thanks to a 32-bank structure spread over 8 bank groups compared to DDR4's 16 banks over 4 bank groups, and the burst length has also been doubled from 8 to 16. We are talking about faster frequencies, greater power efficiency, more bandwidth and faster speeds. As a Dec 23, 2021 · Here we see that the higher bandwidth DDR5 memory has boosted performance at 1080p by 15% and the same is also seen at 1440p when looking at the 1% lows. But Zen3 achieves a greater % of the theoretical bandwidth, than Zen4. intel. The introduction of DDR (double data rate) SDRAM memory in the early 2000s doubled the data transfers for every clock cycle (Hz), making “MHz” an inaccurate measurement for memory speed. In general, this allows you to make comparisons between differing RAM modules. 67ns Your calculation seems to have halved the actual digits while forgetting a lot of zeros because 1ns = 1*10^-9 seconds That being said your point still stands regarding the actual comparisons. DDR5 is the successor to DDR4 RAM. Jun 12, 2021 · DDR5 allows Same Bank Refresh which improves the effective bandwidth by allowing some banks to refresh while the rest are still in use. Speed The JEDEC rating for DDR4 ranged from 1600 MT/s up to 3200 MT/s at the end. Yet DDR5 is actually already faster despite those numbers, by a relatively small margin. Write rate was only slightly slower Jul 12, 2021 · For DDR4 2933 the memory supported in some core-x -series is (1466. 1 This imbalance can create a memory bandwidth bottleneck for applications that require significant data from memory. However, because of its faster clock speeds, the newer standard has better performance overall. 8 Gbps Nov 30, 2021 · DDR5 is projected to cost 50% to 60% more than DDR4 over the intermediate term (the first two years), but its capacity and bandwidth advantages will eventually make it the prevailing standard 2. 1 Total Bandwidth is calculated as: (Clock Rate) x (Bus Width) x (# of Channels) For the 520N-MX, which is on the low end for bandwidth, the two DDR4-2400 modules provide 19. The imbalance between CPU performance and memory bandwidth can create a bottleneck1 FLOPS/word/second FLOPS versus Memory Bandwidth 1 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 10 100 1,000 10,000 4 Example of Data Bandwidth Calculation DDR2 - Maximum 1. DRAM core arrays are slow • Reading from a cell in the core array is a very slow process – DDR: Core speed = ½ interface speed – DDR2/GDDR3: Core speed = ¼ interface speed Oct 10, 2022 · DDR5 memory, generally available this year, is designed to improve the channel bandwidth between processor and memory while supporting upgradeability. Our DDR5-6000 equipped 7950X platform achieved 72. 2 GT/s (Gigatransfers per second). All Crucial DDR5 memory (4800, 5200, 5600MT/s) are compatible with 12th/13th Gen Intel® Core™ or AMD Ryzen™ 6000/7000 Series processors. It isn’t entirely correct. It also allows scaling memory performance without degrading channel efficiency at higher rates. The DDR5 memory controller in Zen4 is still a bit green. 2 Gb/s / pin) x (64 pins) x (1 byte / 8 bits) May 4, 2022 · G. It is also noteworthy that VRM, PMIC, and SPD components for client-grade DIMMs and server-grade RDIMMs and LRDIMMs will be different. LPDDR5X performance and power efficiency unlock future capabilities Oct 19, 2013 · Memory Bandwidth Calculation. Jul 6, 2021 · The next generation of RAM for PCs is the fifth generation DDR or DDR5. May 7, 2023 · 1. HBM 2 is the second generation HBM memory having all HBM characteristics but Apr 7, 2022 · CPU Performance Benchmarks: DDR5-4800. Mar 12, 2019 · This is obviously useful for programs that are memory bandwidth-bound. 4 GBps. With new module densities of 96GB, DDR5 boosts the maximum capacity of a high-performance server by 50%. The formula goes like this (Memory clock x Bus Width / 8) * GDDR type multiplier = Bandwidth in GB/s. This memory system is tailored for AI applications, such as recommender At launch, DDR5 featured a maximum data rate of 4800MT/s, compared to 3200MT/s of DDR4. 1V compared to DDR4's 1. Calculate any of the variables in the formula below given the other variables are known. Bandwidth is calculated by taking RAM Speed (MT/s) and multiplying by eight (because RAM data is transferred on a PC bus of 64 bit width, which equivalents to 8 byte). DDR5 is the 5th generation of Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory, aka DDR5 SDRAM. This means we’ll start seeing quad-channel configurations with . Three Micron experts introduce the innovation and inspiration behind our highest-performance family of memory products, and discuss how Micron achieved staggering speeds with GDDR6X, the future of AI training with HBM2E, and other high-bandwidth products. Old calculator. 4 GT/s (Gigatransfers per second), whereas DDR4 RAM has a maximum bandwidth of 1. Bus Width: DDR5 memory modules have a specific bus width, usually expressed in bits. 2 GB/s total theoretical bandwidth. We will explain these features more clearly to you in this article. 6 GB/s per channel for DDR4-3200), however the latency requires additional information. However, there's very little information on what to do if your PC has issues with that. 8 Gb/s. The results of DDR5-6400 memory are very nice when we look at throughput: read rate goes up to 90,138 MB/s (88. Even at 4K we're seeing a small 6% boost Oct 6, 2020 · From the data rate, a peak transfer rate can be calculated (12. The bus width remains the … Oct 11, 2023 · Micron indicates the following key benefits of the company’s new DDR5 Memory: High-Performance Memory Bandwidth: The DDR5 memory by Micron introduces a significant leap in performance, especially beneficial for mission-critical tasks in enterprise and cloud operations. ’ Let’s think of your memory access like a water pipeline. In contrast, DDR5 memory modules come equipped with two independent 32-bit channels (40-bit with ECC). For more information on HDMI 2. While LPDDR5 tops out at a data rate of 6,400Mbps or 3,200MHz, LPDDR5X expands that figure to 8,533Mbps or 4,227MHz. Dual-channel DDR5-6400 will deliver 102GB/s of bandwidth for an integrated APU More memory bandwidth contributed to seamless 4K video livestreaming, advanced mobile gaming and AI-powered computational imaging on your smartphone. This behavior has two main reasons. GDDR type multiplier is 2 for GDDR3, 4 for GDDR5. 03 GB/s) in AIDA64, which gives hope that with DDR5-7200 or slightly faster modules (and such have already been announced) we can get up to 100 GB/s. Compared to DDR4, it offers reduced power consumption at the cost of bandwidth. 6 GB/s. With more instances of actively running virtual machines on a single platform, DDR5 technology relieves the bandwidth-per-core memory crunch and increases the performance and responsiveness of virtualized applications. It also calculates the clock cycle time. rate than memory bandwidth. LPDDR4 is the mobile equivalent of DDR4 memory. Jul 14, 2020 · The other half of the story for DDR5 is about once again increasing memory bandwidth. Bandwidth Delay Product Calculator; Bandwidth Calculator; Upload Time Calculator; Mbps Calculator (MB/s to Mbps Conversion) Jul 15, 2020 · JEDEC has formally announced the DDR5 standard, with commercialization expected in the next 12 - 18 months. 67 X 2) X 8 (# of bytes of width) X 4 (# of channels) = 93,866. Zen 4 also moves over to DDR5, which dramatically increases the memory subsystem’s theoretical bandwidth. Features High speed up to 5600MHz Jul 25, 2023 · Enter the data rate (MHz) and the CAS latency (CL) into the calculator to determine the ram latency in nanoseconds. DDR5 RAM also introduces a higher memory density, enabling the modules to store more data in a smaller physical space. 800 Mhz memory clock x 128 bit bandwidth / 8 to * 2 = 25600. The table below shows the range of DDR4 transfer rate values and their corresponding throughput in GB/s. Now, just saying that water is flowing at 3600 meters/second doesn’t really tell us exactly HOW MUCH water is flowing through it. DDR5 increases burst length to BL16, about double that of DDR4, improving command/address and data bus efficiency. This increased bandwidth allows for faster data access and retrieval, resulting in improved overall system performance. 1v. 6 to 3. Which will mean an advance over the current DDR4 in terms of aspects such as bandwidth and energy consumption when transmitting data. LPDDR5 provides 5-10% better battery life due to enhanced power efficiency As you would have guessed, DDR5 is the replacement for DDR4 Memory. MT/s correctly describes the speed of DDR memory. A bottleneck calculator is a tool that estimates the potential performance impact of a specific component in a computer system. DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM Memory Module The future of DRAM is here in the form of the ADATA DDR5-5600 SO-DIMM module. To calculate the bandwidth, you can use the following formula: Bandwidth (in GB/s) = (Data Rate * Bus Width) / 8. A system designer can use these models to accurately approximate the power requirements of SDRAM devices in a system environment, as well as experiment with various memory access schemes to determine the affect on power consumption. Power Efficiency. Enter Transfer rate associated with DDR memory CAS Latency Formula Clock Cycle Time (ns) = 2000/Module Speed where Module speed is specified in Mega Transfers per second. (Lower is better!) Nov 24, 2021 · Micron and Samsung have both published the specifications of their next-gen LPDDR5 mobile memory. of GDDR5 and HBM power delivery rails at full memory utilization. Common bus widths for DDR5 include 64 bits and 128 bits. Which is limited to 50GB/s, so when I calculate my previous XMP profile, this was - 3200 / 2 (double data rate) * 4 (4 sticks) * 8 (Conversion to GB/s) = 51. However, DDR5 is an important change compared to previous DDR memory, which is why we explain how MT / Nov 8, 2022 · DRAM Bandwidth. This white paper discusses the benefits of DDR5, challenges of transition, and why migrating to this latest standard not only makes sense but also could well be a competitive difference maker. The performance enhancement will be welcome by bandwidth May 7, 2023 · 3. However, the accuracy of these calculators can be affected by factors such as variance in benchmark results, lack of real-world data, and complex interactions between components. Similarly, the maximum bandwidth of GDDR5 RAM used in graphics cards is 8 GB/s, while GDDR6 RAM has a maximum bandwidth of 16 DDR5 Overview. 2GB/s which is slightly too high? Thoughts? Did I calculate it wrong? Thank you. The newer, the efficient. 6GByte/s FCRAM - Maximum 3. 0 Gbps on the electric field Apr 7, 2022 · Not only does DDR5 memory yield higher memory bandwidth for many different use cases, but DDR5 also offers a generational increase in memory capacity, allowing for higher capacity UDIMMs over time. 6GByte/s data bandwidth Number of I/O: 16bit Data Transfer Rate per I/O: 800Mbps = 100MByte/s Data Bandwidth = 100MByte/s x 16bit = 1600MByte/s = 1. Division by 8 for change from BIT to BYTE. Speed. Skill's 16GB and 32GB unbuffered DDR5-5600 memory modules with CL28 34-34-89 timings will be available as 32GB and 64GB dual-channel memory kits within the company's Trident Z5 RGB, Trident Z5 I've recently read about the Max Memory Bandwidth in the specifications of my CPU here – www. The most recent DRAM standard released by JEDEC in mid 2020 is DDR5. We are using AIDA64 in this instance to gather memory bandwidth data based on read speed, write speed, copy speed, and memory latency. Higher is not always better - Look at the insane latency on the first result. Go back. These are somewhat Oct 29, 2023 · Comparison and Difference between GDDR5, GDDR5X, HBM, and HBM2 memory types. •Use only necessary bandwidth •Exclude out of band instrumentation noise •Ensure high enough bandwidth to preserve slew rate •Remove scope + probe RJ contribution •Test equipment jitter contribution is a function of noise + slew rate •AM to PM modulation Minimize test equipment noise which directly With more instances of actively running virtual machines on a single platform, DDR5 technology relieves the bandwidth-per-core memory crunch and increases the performance and responsiveness of virtualized applications. Jan 18, 2023 · All Crucial DDR5 memory (4800, 5200, 5600MT/s) are compatible with 12th/13th Gen Intel® Core™ or AMD Ryzen™ 6000/7000 Series processors. However, at the transition from the 2:1 to 4:1 clock ratio (dotted line between 3200MT/s and 3733MT/s) the bandwidth drops significantly and only reaches the previous peak bandwidth again at data rates of 6400MT/s. Each 64-bit rank of DDR5 memory (a rank being a subset of memory chips on a memory module) is divided into two 32-bit ranks, with the latency benefits described in Oct 7, 2020 · At that memory bandwidth level, we get to leave 2013 behind. Jan 17, 2023 · The table above provides you with information about the features of DDR3, DDR4, and DDR5. AMD Radeon™ R9 290X (10. 66 GB/s bandwidth per watt) and HBM-based device (35+ GB/s bandwidth per watt), AMD FX-8350, Gigabyte GA-990FX-UD5, 8GB Jul 23, 2020 · DDR5 continues to use a 288-pin arrangement, but with a different pinout. Dec 12, 2023 · This is a calculator to determine an absolute RAM latency or RAM speed. DDR5 is designed to essentially perform better than DDR4 in practically every way. Jun 20, 2024 · DDR5 memory modules are designed with enhanced performance in mind, offering increased die density and better power efficiency relative to DDR4. Bandwidth That's why we've created the Micron system power calculator for all of our SDRAM devices. Mar 19, 2021 · Over the last five decades, we have seen a continuous evolution in DRAM technology, always targeting lower cost per bit, higher device capacity, higher bandwidth, and lower power consumption. reading about DDR5 on Crucial's guide on DDR5 Memory, they specifically show this table with the accompanying explanation; how do they calculated the system bandwidth? I'm having trouble finding the exact formula, and the fact that DDR5 is supposed to be double-channel even with one DIMM is tripping me out Oct 30, 2023 · People suggest 3000/2000/3000 is the dream settings for DDR5 6000, and it is. Calculates the absolute latency for DDR memory accesses in nanoseconds using the data rate (MT/s) and CAS latency (CL). DDR4 memory operates at speeds ranging from 2133 MT/s up to 3200 MT/s. Compared to LPDDR5, we’re looking at a performance boost of 33%, and a voltage of 1. Higher speed DDR5 memory can downclock when system specifications only support lower speed grades. Bandwidth and Latency DDR5 offers a higher transfer rate than any previous DDR generation; In fact, DDR5 offers more than twice the rate compared to DDR4. 2 GT/s is the per pin bandwidth, which we can also write as 3. 2 Gb/s), with a minimum data transfer speed of 4. DDR5 will be required to suppl Sep 17, 2021 · DDR5-6400: 88 GB/s read, but over 90 ns latency. Nov 19, 2023 · However, DDR5 RAM takes this to a whole new level, offering speeds that can reach up to 6400 MT/s. Nov 30, 2021 · How We Tested: DDR5 vs. 2GByte/s data bandwidth Number of I/O: 64bit Data Transfer Rate per I/O: 400Mbps = 50MByte/s Jan 20, 2023 · Features DDR4 DDR5 Quick Explanation; Speed (Data Rate - Gbps) 1. 4 Gbps: Even relatively-early DDR5-4800 memory can achieve much higher bandwidth of 4. GDDR5 is the most widely used high-speed memory that you see in the current generation of graphics cards. Feb 4, 2023 · We have a quick guide with the memory bandwidth in GB/s and MT/s for common server DDR, DDR2, DDR3, DDR4, and DDR5 speeds. For example, a DDR5 interface with 64 data bits operating at 4800 Mbps would have a total bandwidth of 64 x 4800E+06 = 307. DDR5 RAM has a maximum bandwidth of 4. In comparison, DDR4 features one 64-bit channel per DIMM. Side-by-side comparisons in system-level simulations show that DDR5 has approximately 1. Jan 24, 2023 · This OMI memory under development back in 2019 delivered around 320 GB/sec per socket and from 256 GB to 4 TB of capacity per socket. Power e˜ciency calculated as GB/s of bandwidth delivered per watt of power consumed. The new DDR5 standard starts at a JEDEC rating of 4800 MT/s. While DDR5 RAM is newer with better storage density and power efficiency than DDR4, it tends to have higher CAS latency. This calculator can be used to compute a variety of calculations related to bandwidth, including converting between different units of data size, calculating download/upload time, calculating the amount of bandwidth a website uses, or converting between monthly data usage and its equivalent bandwidth. These are all high-speed and high bandwidth memories that are used in graphics cards, high-end servers, and advanced hardware units. For example, let's consider DDR5-4800 with a bus width of 128 bits: Feb 7, 2022 · And the PC speed (the bandwidth) is 25600 MB/s. It’s worth noting that many people referred to RAM Speed in MHz terms, such as RAM Speed: 3200Mhz. Everyone wants more performance (especially with DIMM capacities growing), and unsurprisingly, this is where a Jul 8, 2021 · DDR5, the next generation of RAM, should appear on store shelves somewhere around late summer or fall of 2021. 87 times the effective bandwidth of DDR4. A lower-than-expected memory bandwidth may be seen due to many system variables, such as software workloads and system power states. ompared to its predecessors, this module provides a significant speed boost, higher capacities, reduced power consumption, and increased bandwidth per PU core. 2 Gbps = 38. May 2, 2021 · JEDEC's new standards will double DDR5 bandwidth, enable faster memory for laptops — DDR5 MRDIMM and LPDDR6 standards for next-generation servers and laptops being ratified. May 4, 2023 · DDR4 memory modules sport a single 64-bit channel (72-bit if you take ECC into account). 85 GB/s at the same 3 GB test size. 2V, resulting in improved power efficiency of up to 20%. Micron has been chasing maximum-bandwidth memory to support gaming and professional visualization for a long time. DDR5 launch speeds deliver nearly double the bandwidth of DDR4. Skill's new extreme low latency DDR5 memory kits boast a CAS latency of 28 in both 64GB (32GBx2) and 32GB (16GBx2) packages. If we go back to our bandwidth calculation above, the transfer rate of 3. 8 to 8. Graphics Double Data Rate 5 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (GDDR5 SDRAM) is a type of synchronous graphics random-access memory (SGRAM) with a high bandwidth ("double data rate") interface designed for use in graphics cards, game consoles, and high-performance computing. DDR5 data rates today double those of DDR4. At launch, DDR5 featured a maximum data rate of 4800MT/s, compared to 3200MT/s of DDR4. LPDDR5X builds on that performance foundation and will unleash more AI- and 5G-powered features in devices across all segments. LPDDR4 has dual 16-bit channels resulting in a 32-bit total bus per DIMM. Apr 3, 2017 · Last week, JEDEC announced that the upcoming DDR5 memory standard will offer double the bandwidth and density of DDR4, improve channel efficiency, and offer better power efficiency as well. It exhibits several new features, for example two channels on a single DIMM, same-bank refresh, and data rates up to 8400 MT/s. da xk if bv gf gl mo uc tx um